Comet Enthusiast

Bushnell Northstar

 

How I can reset the phone in my telescope?

I have a 90mm telescope Bushnell Northstar 78_8890 I messed with lineup the stars and want to know how to reset the headset. please help me

Usually, all you need do is turn it off for a few seconds and back on again to restart.

Bushnell Northstar

Celestron Nexstar Slt

 

telescope mount some questions?

I have a Celestron NexStar 130 SLT computerized telescope. What you need to update the forest?

It would not be a high priority for me. I could do some things to improve the rigidity of the saddle, as replacement of thin sheet aluminum legs with feet wood, and hanging a weight from the bottom of the frame. Another simple trick is to hang a small strand of the front of the tube, increasing the mass and the absorption of some vibration. If you ever want to get involved in astrophotography, you may want to update the assembly of a German equatorial mount (ASGT or better), but this will cost over its entire present telescope.

Celestron Nexstar Slt

telescope director chair

 

Glossary of forest fires

Part of a series of
Forest
Firefighting
Lead Stories
Wildfire Wildfire
Wildland Fire Suppression
Agencies
Inter National Fire Protection Center
USFS BLM
Aviation CALFIRE CALFIRE
New South Wales Rural Fire Service Fire Authority Country, Country Fire Service Victoria, South Australia
Tactics & Equipment
Incident Command System
aerial firefighting
Controlled burning
Fire trail Fire
Fire lookout tower
fireproof gel
Fire Fighting Foam
Fireproof MAFFS
Helicopter bucket Driptorch
Staff
Hotshots Handcrew
Smokejumper Helitack
Rappelle engine crew
Playlists
List of forest fires
Glossary of forest fires
This box: view talk edit
The The following is a glossary of wildfire. Except where the terms are taken from a 1998 Fireline Handbook transcribed for 21 studies of conflict counter-terrorism website of the Air National Guard.
Independent glossaries of terms firefighting and firefighting equipment are also available.
Content: Top 09 ABCDEFGHIJ VWXYZ KLMNOPQRSTU
Canopy air: Type of fuel composed of trees having few low branches, making it less susceptible to ignition of low-intensity fires.
firefighting aerial (or air attack): The use of aircraft in support of ground resources to combat Forest fires, often more effective in the initial attack of fine fuels.
Air drop: The delivery of supplies or retardant from the air. Supplies can be dropped parachute. Retardant is dropped in one "saved" or one or more "paths", whose size is determined by the wind and the volume, speed AirTanker and altitude (usually not less than 200 feet above the drop zone.)
Air operations: the coordinating group observation based air supply, and the removal of a forest fire rescue.
Air Tactical Group Supervisor or Air Attack: Coordinates resources to attack air of a fire.
Airtanker: Aircraft certified by the FAA as being capable of transmission and distribution of 600 to 3.0000 gallons of water or other liquid or powder fire retardants. Formerly known as "borate bombers" before borate-based retardants became less desirable. Often accompanied by a guard plane.
the Anchor Point: a privileged, often an obstacle to the spread of fire from which to start building a fire line. The anchor point is used to minimize the possibility of being flanked (or overwhelmed) by the fire while the line is being built.
B
Backburner: set fire precaution downwind of the main fire of fuel compensation controlled by "Support" to the main fire, similar to depletion then occurs near the Line of Control.
Backfire: A fire along the inner edge of a fire line to consume fuel in the path of a wildfire and / or change direction or strength of the convection column fire.
Bambi Bucket: clamshell bucket to lift and move the water or other fire retardant helicopter. (Note: name was in use for many years before the trademark owner said in 1983.)
Barrier: Any obstruction to the spread of fire. Usually an area or strip devoid of combustible material.
Base: (1) staging and / or relocate the control center for fire operations, (2) the starting point a fire, (3) base camp to sleep: the place to eat, etc, staging or near the command center.
Berm: Soil piled on the bottom side of a line of fire crosses under fire, to catch rolling firebrands.
Copies of the leaf: a condition where there is still fuel lines between the fire and the main fire.
Blow-Up: sudden increase in the line of fire intensity or rate of spread of a fire sufficient to preclude direct control or to upset the plans of suppression. Often accompanied by violent convection and may have other characteristics of a firestorm.
Boise Interagency Fire Center (BIFC): First name the National Interagency Fire Center (see below), often pronounced as "Biff" see. "
Booster hose, booster pump, booster reel: small hose solids in a coil connected to a small pump mounted in a water tank in a vehicle. Booster Pump also refers to the pump in a series of relay pumping up beyond the elevation above the pump.
Brush blade: Rake attachment for cutting or ripping brush and roots of a line of fire.
Brush hook: Cutting tool used to brush clearer, a machete, usually with a heavy piece of solid curves bolted to the end of full competition use.
Brush trucks: fire truck equipped for small fires. Also called a "Type 6 engine."
Encounter: To move to another location. Can refer to anything that moves to another location in a line of fire, an entire crew moving to another fire. "Bump Back" to return to the previous location. In the bump "fire line system building, the firefighter works in a small piece of line of fire with your tool, perhaps slowly walking as the line of advance, until a completed portion of the line is. Then the call to "go!" is heard, and everyone ahead of the caller skips ahead one or more positions, leaving unfinished the line of fire for coming back. This is known as the method or raise LeapFrog method.
burning rate: relative measure of the difficulty of fire control, doubling the index means twice the effort may be needed to control the fire (eg, wind shift, heavier fuel load, etc.).
burn: Configuration fire inside a control line of fuel between the edge of the fire and the line of control.
combustion period: The share of each period 24 hours, when fires spread more quickly, usually from 10.00 am to sunset.
Wildland Fire: A forest fire is a forest fire that occurs in forests, thickets, forests or grasslands of Australia or New Zealand.
C
Sailing: A standing tree with a broken lid, which often continues to burn after of the main firefront happened. Candles often send one source of sparks and embers can travel a certain distance and be of concern that nearly one unburnt side control line.
closed area: An area in which specific activities or entry are temporarily restricted to reduce the risk of fires caused by humans.
Closure: Legal restriction, but not necessarily elimination, of specific activities such as smoking, camping, or entry that might cause fire in a given area.
Cold end: A method of controlling a fire in part dead edge by carefully inspecting and feeling with the hot hand for any fire, and the backing any edge of life. This method is the only way to fly in the Great Basin.
Complex: Two or more individual incidents located in the same area general assigned to the incident commander or unified command.
Confine a fire: The strategy of suppression of forest fires so you can expect aggressive to keep the fire within established fire lines built under the prevailing conditions.
Contain the fire: a fire suppression strategy moderately aggressive to expect to keep the fire within established fire lines built under the prevailing conditions.
The line Control: An inclusive term for all constructed or natural barriers and treated (retardant) fire edges used for controlling a fire.
Controlled burning: See Burns (Rx burn).
Coyote tactics: imposing a progressive construction line that primarily affects the big fish and bridges to build lines fire until the end of the operation and then bed down wherever they end up sleeping just as they started the turn, no sleeping bag. "Coyoteing" should not be confused with "peaks" where a warm sleeping bags, buckets are the prizes of the day. Coyoteing is a very useful tool, but very uncomfortable. For the privilege of personal coyoteing offset their sleep (in general).
Creeping fire Fire burning with a slow fire and develops slowly.
Crown of Fire: A fire that advances from top to top of trees or shrubs more or less independent of a surface fire. Crown fires are sometimes classed as running or dependent to distinguish the degree of independence from the surface fire.
Corona out: see "torch"
D
Dead Man Zone: unburned areas on the edges of fire bushes.
DEMOBASE: Demobilization or crew of a work be removed from a fire.
Direct Attack: Any treatment applied directly to burning fuel, such as moisturizers, suffocation or chemically extinguish the fire or by physically separating the burning of unburned fuel.
Dozer Line: Fireline built by the front blade of a bulldozer or crawler with a front blade used for exposing mineral soil. Also, "Catlin."
Editors: using a suction pump to lift water from below the pump using a suction hose semi-rigid, usually to fill a portable container that has other suction pumps (for pass) or siphon hoses running downhill to their nozzles.
Drip Torch: hand-carried device fires starting full of flammable liquid that is poured through a burning wick, dropping flaming liquid-fuel to be burned.
Duff: Layer decaying forest litter consisting of organics such as needles, leaves, plants and tree materials covering the mineral soil. Duff may burn for days after of a fire. Latent extinction Duff is the key to the success mopup operations.
E
Motor: Any ground vehicle providing specified levels of pumping, water and hose capacity but with less than the specified level of personnel.
Engine Crew: A number of trained and supervised to respond to incidents with a motor. Usually much smaller than a handheld.
fire escape: An arson fire on a crew, usually in grassland environment, to escape a dangerous situation.
Escaped Fire: A fire that has exceeded or is expected to exceed initial attack capabilities or of prescription.
Extended attack: A condition in which a fire can not be controlled by initial attack resources within a reasonable period of time. Additional resources within 24 hours after commencing suppression action usually control the fire.
F
Fire behavior: The manner in which a fire reacts to influences of fuel, weather and topography.
Fire camp: temporary camp set up in major fires to provide food, rest, and other needs the fire department.
Fire cycle:
Risk of fire:
Fire ecology:
Fire edge: The boundary of a fire at a given time.
To combat Foam Fire: The wireless solution created by forcing air in or entrained air in water containing a foam concentrate by means of projected computer or cascaded air at high speed. Foam reduces combustion by cooling, moistening and excluding oxygen.
Fire lookout: A structure located at a point of view high to house and protect the person performing the functions of a fire lookout.
Fire Lookout: A person who keeps an eye out for fire starts and conditions possible. They can work in a fire lookout tower or performance of duty as a role for a team of fire in the firing line.
Fire Rake: A rake sharp teeth instead of blades, rake firewall.
Fire retardant: Any substance (except plain water) than by chemical or physical action reduces flammability of fuels or slows down combustion. See retardant slurry, AFFF, foam, and as examples.
Fire risk:
fire shelter: A shop aluminum that provides protection by reflecting radiant heat and provide a breathing air volume in a fire entrapment situation. Made as a tool for safety Fire shelters should only be used in life threatening situations as a last resort, such as burns or severe asphyxia often result.
shirt fire: distinctive yellow shirts made of Nomex or other lightweight materials of low combustibility, used as PPE uniform forest fire fighters, and more recently available in other colors (Red, khaki, blue, etc).
Fire trail: Australian term firer, road built specifically for access to "fire management purposes."
time fire weather conditions that affect vulnerability to fire, fire behavior and suppression.
fire whirl: a tornado-like vortex formed by stretching of vorticity due to the interaction of air that flows up and in a fire.
Back to fire Range:
Fireline handbook: A small little red book carried by U.S. fire on the front lines as a quick reference on various topics from fire.
Fireline: The part of a control line that is scraped or dug to mineral soil. Also called fire trail. More generally, the work of a fire is called being "in the line of fire. It can also refer to a "wet-line, where the water has been used to create a border burn fine fuels as the grass.
Firestorm: the extreme behavior of fires set by large air currents and a high column of smoke and flames, where added fire intensity air increases, the growth of the creation of wildfires.
Firewall: A natural or constructed barrier used to stop or control the fires that may occur, or to provide a control line from which to work.
The flanks of a fire: Parts of a perimeter of the spread of fire that grow on the sides then run roughly parallel to the main direction of propagation. severed heads are extremely dangerous flank in steep terrain.
Flare-up: Any acceleration sudden rate of spread or intensification of the fire. Unlike an explosion, an attack is a relatively short duration and not radically change plans control.
Flash fuels: fuels such as grass, leaves, covered with pine needles, ferns, moss trees and some types of bar, which turns easily and are consumed rapidly when dry.
the fuel load the mass of combustible materials available for a fire usually expressed as weight of fuel per unit area (eg 20 tonnes per hectare).
Fuel Moisture: Percentage of water content of vegetation, an important factor in the speed of spread, ranging from the death of a fine fuel and fuel moisture (FFM) of 10 percent or less, to live-fuel moisture (LFM), 60 percent or more. Mission can be estimated by weighing calibrated wood sticks.
Fuel: An association ID of the fuel elements of distinctive species, shape, size, disposition, or other features that make a predictable rate of spread or resistance to control under specified weather conditions.
Fuelbreaks: A natural or artificial change in fuel characteristics which affects fire behavior so that fires burning within them can be more easily controlled.
G
Ground fire: Fire that consumes the organic matter under the lower surface litter, such as peat fires.
H
Hand Crews: A number of individuals who have organized and trained and are supervised principally for operational tasks in an incident, usually using hand tools. In the United States, a team of handrail is 20 in total, including supervisors.
Risk Reduction: controlled and managed carefully fire in cold and / or wetter weather to reduce the fuel load available. Sometimes incorrectly called a backburner.
Head of a Fire: The fastest spread of the fire perimeter, usually to the leeward or up slope, can have multiple heads if not separate accompanying fires.
Heavy fuels: Fuels of large diameter woody debris, large limb wood, that ignite and are consumed more slowly than flash fuels.
Helispot: A natural or artificial takeoff and landing area for helicopters for the temporary or occasional use, often in remote areas without access to others.
Helitack: A team of firefighters trained to use helicopters for initial attack, and to support large fires by bucket drops and movement of personnel, equipment and supplies. Another function is mainly helitack support bridge and recovery.
Hot spot: A particularly active part of a fire.
Hotshot crew: Firefighters trained intensively used primarily in hand line construction, organized mainly in long-distance travel from fire to fire, according to needed instead of serving only a geographic location.
I
Incident Command System (ICS): the first system developed to provide a structure management control of large fires in the United States, which are used by many emergency management agencies.
Indian pump: glass of water carried back, either a can or a rigid collapsible bag with a hose and telescopic jet pump. Contains 5 gal U.S., and is used in hot places and during cleaning. Also bag is called the bladder (if folded), urine from the pump, or Fedco. Uncertain utility in active crown fires.
indirect attack: A method of removing that control line is a considerable distance from the active border fire. In general, done in the case of a rapid spread of fires or high intensity and use natural disaster or constructed firebreaks and fuel breaks favorable breaks in topography. The fuel is usually counterproductive to intervene, but occasionally the main fire is allowed to burn to the line, depending on conditions.
Infrared (IR) Detector: A heat detection system used for fire detection, mapping, and identification of hotspots.
Initial attack: The actions taken by the first resources to arrive at a fire to protect lives and property and prevent the spread fire. Usually performed by trained and experienced teams and takes place immediately after size-up.
Zone interface: Upon termination forest fire-fighting urban fires meets. Structures at the edges of wilderness areas are threatened and require skills and equipment of both disciplines.
Into the black: Moving from outside the front of the fire into the burned area, sometimes the safest place to be in a crisis, ie behind the fire, if possible through the flames.
K
Beat Down: To reduce fire or heat in the more vigorously burning fire edge, usually by the cooling of land, water or retardant others.
L
Ladder fuels: Flammable vegetation that helps to ground fire movement in the canopy.
LCES: firefighter safety mnemonic for lookouts, communications, evacuation routes, safety zones.
level of performance: The aircraft Pilot tests carried out on the target area to check wind, smoke conditions, topography and lead air tankers to targets and monitor the drops.
Let's burn policy: an administrative decision to postpone the fire, perhaps due to considerations of wilderness and forests long shelf.
Light em ', combating them: derogatory term for forestry crew with a reputation for turning its prescribed fire without care.
Line of fire: burn-related activity along the line of fire with drip torches, rifles or other flammable materials.
Garbage (Forest litter): Size of the accumulation of leaves and twigs.
Register or log bar waste: Tops, stumps, mill ends, members stop the logging operations. It may be beneficial to soil stability, but dry and create strong fueling hazards.
Longline: provision of helicopters to reduce the external loads (or elimination of charges) in areas that are not available for the landing, through a long cable suspended from a hard spot in the belly of the aircraft.
Viewpoints: (1) security person in a position to control the location and behavior of fire, ready to signal an team to escape, (2) Fire lookout tower or fire, often in mountain tops to see the surroundings and watching for signs of fire, (3) warning of fire, the person working in the fire lookout tower, (4) The "L" of "LCES" safety mnemonic, you see above.
M
McLeod: hand tool used in the construction of fire lines, which consists of a combination rake and hoe.
Mop-up: extinction or removal of material fuel near the control lines, felling of problems, logs and ditches to prevent the dump after an area has burned, to make a strong fire, or reduce residual smoke.
Mutual Aid: Assistance with interjurisdictional emergency services agreement beforehand.
N
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA): The fire and the organization of safety standards, issues various rules-oriented clothing related fires, tactics, equipment, etc.
National Hose (NH) National Standard Thread (NST) design of threaded couplings used on fire hose in various diameters; incompatible with many types of hose thread forest fires, thus requiring adapters.
National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC) Coordination Facility in Boise, Idaho, operated by several U.S. agencies to provide logistics, weather and resource coordination for wildfire suppression across the U.S. (Formerly BIFC).
Nomex: Brand of approved, fire retardant, synthetic, aramid cloth and thread used in personal protective equipment for fire forest fires, and monkeys.
National Wildfire Coordinating Group: Coordinating Agency based in Washington, DC that sets national standards for fire training and publishes training manuals.
O
fuel than an hour: Vegetation with large surface area ratio and mass, the so-called "Fine fuel" (along with 10-hour) that quickly reaches critical (inflammable) moisture levels (fine fuel moisture FFM) when exposed heat, compared with 100 hours or 1000 hour fuels (ie live fuel moisture, LFM), which have much more heat to ignite.
Overheads: Personnel assigned to supervisory positions, including Incident Commander, Command Staff, General Staff, Branch Directors, Supervisors, Unit Leaders, Managers and staff. Can also be organized according to qualifications and experience, as "Type I Overhead" of equipment, etc.
P
Palmer Index severity of drought (PDI): Technique for measuring the impact of soil moisture changes in vegetation, as a marker of risk of fire and fire behavior.
Parallel attack: fire containment method where the crew of the construction of a line of fire at some distance from the edge of the fire (eg 100 yards) and then burn the fuel in the buffer as the line of fire has been completed.
Perennial grasses, a very volatile fuel, after cured, May, June, July, which can lead to large and rapid fire that can reach more fuel.
The point of origin: an element of fire behavior, indicating that the fire began, the analysis of support where the fire is going or, specific evidence of origin is often obscured or destroyed by the tactics repression.
Prescribed burning: the deliberately lit fire to forests or grassland management, often to remove the accumulation of combustible heavy or simulate natural cycles of fire in an ecosystem. Also called "controlled burning" even if it becomes uncontrollable.
Progressive hose Lay: A method of deploying hoses along the line of fire during the crackdown and as they are built and reinforced, typically using a 1/2-inch supply lines, "Y" closed and 1-inch lateral lines with nozzles (or at least tap valves) every 100 feet or less. As the progess line, more hoses and valves are added.
Project Fire: Any large fire requiring extensive management and establishment temporary infrastructure to support firefighting efforts, such as fields of fire.
Pulaski: combination ax and hoe tool handle straight, used for the construction of hand. Also known as "P-tool"
R
Rapell: Crew of specialized firefighters are able to access a fire zone, sliding on ropes suspended from a hovering helicopter. It is also used to provide first aid for desert a rappelling is an EMT.
Reburn: (1) Repeat burning of an area over which a fire has passed, but left fuel that lights up when later combustion conditions are more favorable, (2) An area that has returned to burn.
Red Card: credentials issued to qualified forest fire, listing their skills and specialties.
Red Flag Day: State of the time creating a fire hazard criticism, may require the closure of the forest for activities non-emergency to minimize the risk of forest fire accidents.
S
S-130/S-190: The forest-based fire training course given to all U.S. firefighters before they can work on the fire lines.
Safety zone: an area cleared of flammable materials used for escape in the event overflowed line or in the case of ground fire causes fuels outside the control line to the line of insurance. In firing operations, crews progress in order to maintain a safety zone close at hand allowing the fuels inside the control line to be consumed before going ahead. Security zones can also be built as part of fuel breaks, but are greatly enlarged areas which can be used with relative safety by firefighters and their equipment in case of explosion in the vicinity.
Sawyer: chainsaw crew may also include eller aller or who is qualified to cut trees or snags, perhaps while the tree or hook is burning.
Secondary Line: Any line of fire built at a distance from the fire perimeter concurrently with or after a line already constructed on or near the perimeter of the fire. Generally constructed as an insurance measure in case the control of the fire exit by the main line.
SEAT: Individual Airtanker Engine - processed agricultural small aircraft for use on fires, especially during the attack phase initial.
Size results: An initial assessment of the fires, including (inter alia) the fuel load, fire weather, topography, behavior of fire hazards and risks of property value. Quickly detects additional resources and sets operational priorities.
Skidder unit: pre-configured tank, pump, hose for connection to a log skidder (large 4-wheel tractor with a dozer motor, winch or handle) to be taken to a firing line.
Slash: Debris resulting from natural phenomena such as wind, fire, snow breakage, or human activities such as road construction, logging, pruning, thinning or brush cutting. It includes logs, chips, bark, branches, trunks, broken trees and plants or brush. See also bar registration.
Sling load: Net charge containing supplies or equipment supplied under a helicopter longline.
Slopover: fire spreading beyond the limits of a line control.
Slug: derogatory term for Humorous thought he was doing less work than you. "Heli-bullet" for helislack, "slug" Field staff of the camp fire support, "engine slug" for members of the crew of the engine, etc. If you are not a Hotshot or you are more smokejumper likely a slug.
Slurry bomber: View Airtanker.
Smokechaser: Colloquial term for a forest firefighter. Now all archaic, except in Minnesota where the Department of Natural Resources firefighters are officially known by that name.
Smokejumper: A firefighter trained and certified specifically traveling to distant forest fires by fixed-wing aircraft and parachute jumping in a field - which can include trees - near the fire.
Heat Recovery: A fire burning without flame and diffusion barely.
Snag: A standing tree ends that can be dangerous.
Spike field: distance field usually near a line of fire, and without the support logistics a larger field of fire would.
Spotting: Behavior of a fire producing sparks or embers that are carried by the wind and fires that start new (fire location) beyond the zone of direct ignition by the main fire. A waterfall of fire ground can cause an explosion.
strike team: Specified combinations of the same kind and type of resources, communications, and a leader.
Suppression: All the work of extinguishing a fire and closure after its discovery.
Deletion of the crew (also "Soup Crew"): two or more firefighters stationed at a strategic location for initial action on fires. Tariffs are essentially the same as those of individual firefighters, often organized into crews of 20 people, including supervisors, for logistics and simplified operations.
Surface fire: Fire that burns loose debris on the surface, including dead branches, wood vent, leaves and underbrush, in contrast to crown fire.
T
Task Force: Any combination or single resources assembled for a tactical necessity particular, with common communications and a leader. A working group can be pre-established and sent to an incident, or formed in an incident.
jump from the tree: A Smokejumper times in the tree canopy, if compensation is not available or appropriate.
Torch: Do not be confused with the coronation, is when a single group or small groups of trees "torch" or flames. Torch and the group set fire to more of a nuisance as the fire crown has a high pucker factor.
Give return: An enlarged part of a fire break used to turn vehicles around, also used as a safe area during entrapment.
Type I Engine: A fire engine designed primarily for fighting fires in structures accessible from the road.
Engine Type II: A fire truck designed to carry and pump water for use in firefighting. Also known as an offer "or" Water for competition. "
Engine Type III: A fire truck designed primarily to combat forest fires. These engines are often able to traverse more rugged terrain of the types I and II engines.
U
Understory burns: a controlled burn of fuels below the forest canopy, intended to remove fuels from fires in the next-o potential.
urban interface: the interface area where man-made structures inter-mingle with wildlands, creating a risk of structural involvement in an incident forest fires and forest fires involving structure fires, each of which requires different equipment, training and tactics.
W
Add to situations out: A list of 18 situations for firefighters to be aware that signal potential hazards in the firing line, originated from the analysis of generations of similar incidents.
Water for competition: Any ground vehicle capable of transporting specified quantities of water.
Wet line: Timeline control with water or other liquid fire retardant to prevent low-intensity fire spread in surface fuel or knock down a fire more intense.
Widowmaker: Any branch or treetop is wrong or is no longer attached to a tree, but still tangled costs general does not discriminate among the possible victims of sex or marital status.
Forest Fires: An unplanned, unwanted forest fires, including unauthorized human-caused fires, escaped forest fire use events, escaped prescribed fire projects and all other forest fires, where the goal is to extinguish the fire.
Forest: An area in which development is essentially nonexistent, except for roads, railways, power lines, transportation facilities and the like. Structures, if any, are widely dispersed.
Wildland Fire Use fires (WFU fires) are naturally burst are controlled forest burning managed for achieving specific objectives previously defined resource management.
Exceptional: Tree knocked down or broken by the wind, the increase of fuel load and difficult to build fire line. It is also sometimes called purging.
See also
Playlist basic fire
EV
Fire fighting
Staff
Fire Fire Fire Department Chief Master Firefighter Assist and Search Team Handcrews Police Fire Smokejumper Hotshots Helitack official volunteer fire station
Facilities
Fire Camp Fire lookout tower Fire College
Team
Glossary of firefighting equipment Bunker gear apparatus Escape Fire retardant chair fire chief vehicle fire a fire extinguisher hose hydrants firehouse flame flame fire hard suction hose switch heat detector list Nomex flame retardants Pass SCBA Rescue Pumper siren detectors Super Splash Smoke scooper thermal camera suit
Terminology
Glossary of Terms Glossary of firefighting wildfires aerial firefighting Dead Man's Zone Project class fire Fire Safety Fire triangle Fireman's carry Firewall Flash broken into gaseous fire extinguishing fires Master flow stop, drop and roll structure fire in two, with two outs Wetdown Ventilation Fire Fire Forest removal
Miscellaneous
Fire history of firefighting in the world red engine fire Incident Command System International Association of Firefighters International Fire List 'Day of the list of historic fires films Fire Suppression London Fire Brigade Museum, National Fire Incident Reporting System National Fire Protection Association St. Florian World Police and Fire Games
References
^ Glossary of firefighting terms of a website Air National Guard
^ Use of fire from a Web site service U.S. Forest
Categories: Wildland fire suppression | Glossaries About the Author

I am an expert from China Product, usually analyzes all kind of industries situation, such as rope braid , wheel chock.

What is the Tom Hanks film?

At the beginning of the film, which were preparing to film a movie and then using a "Grinder" House. Tom Hanks appears to be a director or producer. The theme of the work they were filming is about CAMERA TRICKS. Telescopes became chairs. That is all I've seen. Because I remember the movie has a pretty picture.

Try this website. It has everything you want to know about movies and actors like Tom Hanks. course. Once you click the link, scroll down to see a list of films Hank. Click each one to read the story. The Howard responsibility is great film can be referred. Http: / / www.imdb.com/name/nm0000158/ http://www.imdb.com

telescope director chair

skyquest telescope

 

He wanted to buy an orion XT10 SkyQuest born to my first telescope and was wondering?

~ = Http://www.telescope.com/control/product/ category_id dobsonians / pcategory ~ = telescopes / ~ product_id = 08 947 / ~ = sSearchSession 4055db30-252C-46f7-96cd-57e0e8daaf8f what kind of accessories do I need to get a good experience with this telescope? is only good value? What will I be able to see with the telescope that was just stock? what type of parts of the eyes would good? I know you support the expansion do not think I will go to any filters at this time unless theres no reason why we should get some .. me wondered what is necessary for me to get accessories? THANK YOU!

You can get started right out of the box. If the software allows you to print maps of the sky, do not need a star atlas. However, since the scope is noncomputerized, you need to know how to reach your goals. You probably want at least one more greater increase in eye (ocular shorter focal length = highest increase) and, possibly, a low magnification 2 "eye for the field of possible views broad better. You do not need filters unless your sky is brightly lit. Out of the box, you can see some details on the Moon. Planets can be disappointing, without further enlargement, but the belts of Jupiter and Saturn's rings should be easy. Large objects such as nebulae, galaxies and deep sky are main targets for this scope.

skyquest telescope

Plossl Telescope Eyepiece

 

What are the best eyepieces for Orion SkyQuest 10 "Dobsonian to view the planets and deep space?

I just bought a Orion SkyQuest XT10 10 "Dobsonian telescope. What would be the best eye to see the planets and deep space? Is 2" eyepiece mount with an adapter to 1.25 "eyepiece. It came with an eyepiece of 25mm Sirius Plossl (1.25") eyepiece Thanks and Sirius Plossl 10mm (1.25 "). Any help and advice would much appreciated ..

Check out any of the books as an introduction to astronomy, like the shadow of the night or the backyard astronomer's guide. You probably end up buying a 2 "wide field eyepiece, and buy a Barlow to get more mileage from the Plossl eyepieces you already have.

Plossl Telescope Eyepiece

Control Meade Etx

 

Why is my Meade ETX 90 power?

I have a Meade ETX 90 with a computer controlled motor drive. It is several years old and has not seen much use lately. I've had in my closet now for a couple of years and the batteries were dead when I took last week. Not too surprised by this, I put in new batteries, but the transmission range of the engine still will not start. Is there an obvious solution I'm missing?

try an eraser on the contacts, then exhale the air with some compressed air. Also, look for a second battery ... Usually flat battery (about the size of a quarter). This battery control the thinking part of the system.

Control Meade Etx

Tasco Specialty

 

Tasco Specialty

telescope eyepiece 1.25

 

About Binocular Telescope

Science has given us a lot of findings and technological innovations which have improved our quality of life and made our activities easier and less complicated. One invention that marks human advancement is the telescope. Yet similarly, time and human effort worked side by side to upgrade this serious material. Such improvement will lead to the development of binocular telescope. The Large Binocular Telescope is understood to be the most important of its kind. This material is the best when it comes to picking up lights from the universe. This facility is often used and accessed by scientists and astronomers who dedicated much of their effort and time in studying the cosmic dimension. Manufacturers like Oberwerk among others offer to the commercial market binocular telescopes which are equally efficient and have great quality for consumer satisfaction. Customer reviews put the Oberwerk 100mm Binocular telescope in a positive light. From its original standard price of $2,095, its producer offer a great value to its buyer putting the sale price of $1,795 with complementary shipping standards. Other excellent feature of the product is its helical focusers which are non-adjustable. It also incorporates eyepieces which are likewise not rotatable. It's got a tripod for better access and easier use especially during astronomical activities or endeavors. It has high quality lens that captures view more accurately and even features perfectly combined images.
More to its package is the light case fitted to contain the equipment to secure and protect it from any danger, a removable tripod and two oculars which have the capacity of up to 25 times. Buyers can also avail the 7x50mm finder scope which can be optionally included in this package.
Binocular telescope are extraordinarily beneficial gadgetry to people who are into the cosmic business. For those that are developing the same interest and view, they could access binocular telescopes, good for newbies and starters. This is not only a good occupation ; this is a way of using your precious time.

About the Author

Author Bio

So, what cam my telescope see?

I brought a Telescope a little while ago, but never really used it.
Now, the skys are clear im wondering what I might be able to see.
I only see stars at the moment.
I have a
1200-90 Seben Comet Telescope / Spotting Scope

I look for around an hour, and spot many stars (Like a ball of gas with a dark center) and Im slowly starting to give up.
I got this from Fleebay few months back and this is in the discription

Aperture: 90mm
Focal Length: 1200mm
Faintest discernable stars: 11.7M!
Dawes Limit: 1.3 arc-seconds
Focal Ratio: f/13
Eyepieces: 1.25” (31.7mm)
Magnification: PL 26mm/46-fold

Thanks In advance for the replys.

I genrally need to know if i tryed hard enough could I see a planet or will it be so faded its not worth it.

Thanks

One of my telescopes is a 70mm refractor with a 900mm focal length. With a 25mm eyepiece, it generates 36X (power) and some of the things I can clearly see are craters and detail on the moon, Saturn's rings and moons and the stripes of the gas bands on Jupiter and its moons, M31 (The Andromeda Galaxy), although this galaxy is just a big fuzz ball. So for your 90mm scope all these mentioned above should be no problem to see, Stick with the 26,, eyepiece and start on the moon. Pick up a copy of Astronomy or Sky and Telescope magazine and use the night sky maps inside to start locating objects like the planets. The hardest part of astronomy is starting out trying to locate objects in the night sky. I've been learning the sky for over 20 years now and probably will still be learning for many years to come. Good luck and clear skies.

telescope eyepiece 1.25

pen telescope

 

From Non-being to Being

The questions of how the universe originated, where it leads to, and how the laws maintaining its order and balance work have always been topics of interest. Scientists and thinkers have thought about this subject endlessly and have produced quite a few theories.

The prevailing thought until the early 20th century was that the universe had infinite dimensions, that it had existed since eternity, and that it would continue to exist forever. According to this view, called the ‘static universe model’, the universe had neither a beginning nor an end.

Laying the groundwork for the materialist philosophy, this view denied the existence of a Creator while it maintained that the universe is a constant, stable, and unchanging collection of matter.

Materialism is a system of thought that holds matter to be an absolute being and denies the existence of anything but matter. Having its roots in ancient Greece and gaining ever-increasing acceptance in the 19th century, this system of thought became famous in the shape of the dialectical materialism of Karl Marx.

As we have stated earlier, the static universe model of the 19th century prepared the grounds for the materialist philosophy. In his book Principes Fondamentaux de Philosophie, George Politzer stated concerning the basis of this universe model that "the universe was not a created object", and added:

If it were, then it would have to be created instantaneously by God and brought into existence from nothing. To admit creation, one has to admit, in the first place, the existence of a moment when the universe did not exist, and that something came out of nothingness. This is something to which science cannot accede.(1)

When Politzer asserted that the universe was not created out of nothingness, he was relying on the static universe model of the 19th century, and thinking that he was posing a scientific claim. However, the 20th century’s developing science and technology demolished primitive concepts such as the static universe model that laid the grounds for the materialists. Today, on the brink of the 21st century, modern physics has proved with many experiments, observations and calculations that the universe had a beginning and that it was created out of nothing with a big explosion.

That the universe had a beginning means that the cosmos was brought into being out of nothing, that is, that it was created. If a created thing exists (which did not exist beforehand), then it certainly should have a Creator. Being from non-being is something inconceivable by the human mind. (Man cannot practically conceive it since he has no chance of experiencing it.) Therefore, being from non-being is very different from bringing objects together to form a new object (such as works of art or technological inventions). It is a sign of Allah’s creation alone that everything formed perfectly all at once and in a single moment, when the created things had no previous examples and not even time and space existed in which to create them.

The coming of the universe into being from non-being is the greatest proof possible that it has been created. Consideration of this fact will change a lot of things. It helps people understand the meaning of life and review their attitudes and purposes. This is why many scientific communities have tried to disregard the fact of creation which they could not fully comprehend, even though its evidence was clear to them. The fact that all scientific evidence points to the existence of a Creator has compelled them to invent alternatives to create confusion in the minds of people. Nevertheless, the evidence of science itself puts a definite end to these theories.

Now, let us take a brief look at the scientific developmental process through which the universe came about.

THE EXPANSION OF THE UNIVERSE

In 1929, in the California Mount Wilson observatory, an American astronomer by the name of Edwin Hubble made one of the greatest discoveries in the history of astronomy. While he observed the stars with a giant telescope, he found out that the light from them was shifted to the red end of the spectrum and that this shift was more pronounced the further a star was from the earth. This discovery had an electrifying effect in the world of science, because according to the recognized rules of physics, the spectra of light beams travelling towards the point of observation tend towards violet while the spectra of the light beams moving away from the point of observation tend towards red. During Hubble’s observations, the light from stars was discovered to tend towards red. This meant that they were constantly moving away from us.

Before long, Hubble made another very important discovery: Stars and galaxies moved away not only from us, but also from one another. The only conclusion that could be derived from a universe where everything moves away from everything else is that the universe constantly ‘expands’.

To better understand, the universe can be thought of as the surface of a balloon being blown up. Just as the points on the surface of a balloon move apart from each other as the balloon is inflated, so do the objects in space move apart from each other as the universe keeps expanding.

In fact, this had been theoretically discovered even earlier. Albert Einstein, who is considered the greatest scientist of the century, had concluded after the calculations he made in theoretical physics that the universe could not be static. However, he had laid his discovery to rest simply not to conflict with the widely recognized static universe model of his time. Later on, Einstein was to identify his act as ‘the greatest mistake of his career’. Subsequently, it became definite by Hubble’s observations that the universe expands.

Here, the difference in the remoteness of various galaxies and the extent to which they tend towards red are shown. The vertical line at the top indicates a certain point on the spectrum. In other spectra, this point tends towards the right as far as the horizontal arrows go. The tendency towards red, which is an indication of remoteness, increases as a galaxy moves farther away from the earth.

What importance, then, did the fact that the universe expands have on the existence of the universe?

The expansion of the universe implied that if it could travel backwards in time, the universe would prove to have originated from a single point. The calculations showed that this ‘single point’ that harbored all the matter of the universe should have ‘zero volume’ and ‘infinite density’. The universe had come about by the explosion of this single point with zero volume. This great explosion that marked the beginning of the universe was named the ‘Big Bang’ and the theory started to be so called.

It has to be stated that ‘zero volume’ is a theoretical expression used for descriptive purposes. Science can define the concept of ‘nothingness’, which is beyond the limits of human comprehension, only by expressing it as ‘a point with zero volume’. In truth, ‘a point with no volume’ means ‘nothingness’. The universe has come into being from nothingness. In other words, it was created.

The Big Bang theory showed that in the beginning all the objects in the universe were of one piece and then were parted. This fact, which was revealed by the Big Bang theory was stated in the Qur’an 14 centuries ago, when people had a very limited knowledge about the universe:

Do not the Unbelievers see that the heavens and the earth were joined together (as one unit of creation), before We clove them asunder? We made from water every living thing. Will they not then believe? (Surat al-Anbiya, 30)

As stated in the verse, everything, even the ‘heavens and the earth’ that were not yet created, were created with a Big Bang out of a single point, and shaped the present universe by being parted from each other.

When we compare the statements in the verse with the Big Bang theory, we see that they fully agree with each other. However, the Big Bang was introduced as a scientific theory only in the 20th century.

The expansion of the universe is one of the most important pieces of evidence that the universe was created out of nothing. Although this fact was not discovered by science until the 20th century, Allah has informed us of this reality in the Qur’an revealed 1,400 years ago: It is We who have built the universe with (Our creative) power, and, verily, it is We who are steadily expanding it. (Surat adh-Dhariyat, 47)

THE SEARCH FOR ALTERNATIVES TO THE BIG BANG THEORY

As clearly seen, the Big Bang theory proved that the universe was ‘created from nothing’, in other words, that it was created by Allah. For this reason, astronomers committed to the materialist philosophy continued to resist the Big Bang and uphold the steady-state theory. The reason for this effort was revealed in the following words of A. S. Eddington, one of the foremost materialist physicists:

‘Philosophically, the notion of an abrupt beginning to the present order of Nature is repugnant to me.’(2)

Sir Fred Hoyle was one of those who were disturbed by the Big Bang theory. In the middle of the century, Hoyle championed a theory called the steady-state which was similar to the ‘constant universe’ approach of the 19th century. The steady-state theory argued that the universe was both infinite in size and eternal in duration. With the sole visible aim of supporting the materialist philosophy, this theory was totally at variance with the ‘Big Bang’ theory, which held that the universe had a beginning.

Those who defended the steady-state theory opposed the Big Bang for a long time. Science, however, was working against them.

Some scientists, on the other hand, looked for ways to develop alternatives.

In 1948, George Gamov came up with another idea concerning the Big Bang. He stated that after the formation of the universe by a big explosion, a radiation surplus should have existed in the universe left over from this explosion. Moreover, this radiation ought to be uniformly diffused across the universe.

This evidence which ‘ought to have existed’ was soon to be found.

MORE EVIDENCE: COSMIC BACKGROUND RADIATION

In 1965, two researchers by the name of Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson discovered these waves by chance. This radiation, called the ‘cosmic background radiation’, did not seem to radiate from a particular source but rather pervaded the whole of space. Thus, it was understood that the heat waves that were radiated uniformly from all around space were left over from the initial stages of the Big Bang. Penzias and Wilson were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery.

In 1989, NASA sent the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite into space to do research on cosmic background radiation. It took only eight minutes for the sensitive scanners on this satellite to confirm the measurements of Penzias and Wilson. The COBE had found the remains of the big explosion that had taken place at the outset of the universe.

Defined as the greatest astronomic discovery of all times, this finding explicitly proved the Big Bang theory. The findings of the COBE 2 satellite which was sent into space after the COBE satellite also confirmed the calculations based on the Big Bang.

Another important piece of evidence for the Big Bang was the amount of hydrogen and helium in space. In the latest calculations, it was understood that the hydrogen-helium concentration in the universe complied with the theoretical calculations of the hydrogen-helium concentration remaining from the Big Bang. If the universe had no beginning and if it had existed since eternity, its hydrogen constituent should have been completely consumed and converted to helium.

All of this compelling evidence caused the Big Bang theory to be embraced by the scientific community. The Big Bang model was the latest point reached by science concerning the formation and beginning of the universe.

Defending the steady-state theory alongside Fred Hoyle for years, Dennis Sciama described the final position they had reached after all the evidence for the Big Bang theory was revealed. Sciama stated that he had taken part in the heated debate between the defenders of the steady-state theory and those who tested that theory with the hope of refuting it. He added that he had defended the steady-state theory, not because he deemed it valid, but because he wished that it were valid. Fred Hoyle stood out against all objections as evidence against this theory began to unfold. Sciama goes on to say that he had first taken a stand along with Hoyle but, as evidence began to pile up, he had to admit that the game was over and that the steady-state theory had to be dismissed.(3)

Prof. George Abel from the University of California also states that currently available evidence shows that the universe originated billions of years ago with the Big Bang. He concedes that he has no choice but to accept the Big Bang theory.

With the Big Bang’s victory, the concept of ‘eternal matter’ that constituted the basis of the materialist philosophy is thrown into the trash-heap of history. What, then, was before the Big Bang and what was the power that brought the universe into ‘being’ with this big explosion when it was ‘non-existent’? This question certainly implies, in Arthur Eddington’s words, the ‘philosophically unfavorable’ fact for the materialists, that is, the existence of a Creator. The renowned atheist philosopher Antony Flew comments on the issue:

Notoriously, confession is good for the soul. I will therefore begin by confessing that the Stratonician atheist has to be embarrassed by the contemporary cosmological consensus. For it seems that the cosmologists are providing a scientific proof of what St. Thomas contended could not be proved philosophically; namely, that the universe had a beginning. So long as the universe can be comfortably thought of as being not only without end but also without beginning, it remains easy to urge that its brute existence, and whatever are found to be its most fundamental features, should be accepted as the explanatory ultimates. Although I believe that it remains still correct, it certainly is neither easy nor comfortable to maintain this position in the face of the Big Bang story.(4)

Many scientists who do not blindly condition themselves to be atheists have admitted the role of an almighty Creator in the creation of the universe. This Creator must be a being Who has created both matter and time, yet Who is independent of both. Well-known astrophysicist Hugh Ross has this to say:

If time’s beginning is concurrent with the beginning of the universe, as the space-theorem says, then the cause of the universe must be some entity operating in a time dimension completely independent of and preexistent to the time dimension of the cosmos. This conclusion is powerfully important to our understanding of who God is and who or what God isn’t. It tells us that God is not the universe itself, nor is God contained within the universe.(5)

Matter and time are created by the almighty Creator Who is independent of all these notions. This Creator is Allah, Who is the Lord of the heavens and the earth.

DELICATE BALANCES IN SPACE

In truth, the Big Bang caused much greater trouble for the materialists than the above confessions of the atheist philosopher, Antony Flew. For the Big Bang not only proves that the universe was created out of nothing, but also that it was brought into being in a very planned, systematic and controlled manner.

The Big Bang took place with the explosion of the point which contained all the matter and energy of the universe and its dispersion into space in all ections with a terrifying speed. Out of this matter and energy, there came about a great balance containing galaxies, stars, the sun, the earth and all other heavenly bodies. Moreover, laws were formed called the ‘laws of physics’, which are uniform throughout the whole universe and do not change. All these indicate that a perfect order arose after the Big Bang.

Explosions, however, do not bring about order. All of the observable explosions tend to harm, disintegrate, and destroy what is present. For example, the atom and hydrogen bomb explosions, fire-damp explosions, volcanic explosions, natural gas explosions, solar explosions: they all have destructive effects.

If we were to be introduced to a very detailed order after an explosion - for instance, if an explosion under the ground gave rise to perfect works of art, huge palaces, or imposing houses - we might conclude that there was a ‘supernatural’ intervention behind this explosion and that all the pieces dispersed by the explosion had been made to move in a very controlled way.

The quote from Sir Fred Hoyle, who accepted his mistake after many years of opposition to the Big Bang Theory, expresses this situation very well:

The big bang theory holds that the universe began with a single explosion. Yet as can be seen below, an explosion merely throws matter apart, while the big bang has mysteriously produced the opposite effect - with matter clumping together in the form of galaxies.(6)

While stating that the Big Bang’s giving way to order is contradictory, he surely interprets the Big Bang with a materialistic bias and assumes that this was an ‘uncontrolled explosion’. He, however, was in reality the one who became self-contradictory by making such a statement simply to dismiss the existence of a Creator. For if a great order arose with an explosion, then the concept of an ‘uncontrolled explosion’ should have been set aside and it should be accepted that the explosion was extraordinarily controlled.

Another aspect of this extraordinary order formed in the universe following the Big Bang is the creation of a ‘habitable universe’. The conditions for the formation of a habitable planet are so many and so complex that it is almost impossible to think that this formation is coincidental.

Paul Davies, a renowned professor of theoretical physics, calculated how ‘fine tuned’ the pace of expansion after the Big Bang was, and he reached an incredible conclusion. According to Davies, if the rate of expansion after the Big Bang had been different even by the ratio of one over a billion times a billion, no habitable star type would have been formed:

Careful measurement puts the rate of expansion very close to a critical value at which the universe will just escape its own gravity and expand forever. A little slower and the cosmos would collapse, a little faster and the cosmic material would have long ago completely dispersed. It is interesting to ask precisely how delicately the rate of expansion has been ‘fine-tuned’ to fall on this narrow dividing line between two catastrophes. If at time I S (by which time the pattern of expansion was already firmly established) the expansion rate had differed from its actual value by more than 10-18, it would have been sufficient to throw the delicate balance out. The explosive vigor of the universe is thus matched with almost unbelievable accuracy to its gravitating power. The big bang was not, evidently, any old bang, but an explosion of exquisitely arranged magnitude.(7)

The laws of physics that emerged together with the Big Bang did not change at all over a period of 15 billion years. Furthermore, these laws stand on calculations so scrupulous that even a millimetre’s variation from their current values can result in the destruction of the whole structure and configuration of the universe.

The famous physicist Prof. Stephen Hawking states in his book A Brief History of Time, that the universe is set on calculations and balances more finely tuned than we can conceive. Hawking states with reference to the rate of expansion of the universe:

Why did the universe start out with so nearly the critical rate of expansion that separates models that recollapse from those that go on expanding forever, so that even now, ten thousand million years later, it is still expanding at nearly the critical rate? If the rate of expansion one second after the big bang had been smaller by even one part in a hundred thousand million million, the universe would have recollapsed before it ever reached its present size.(8)

Paul Davies also explains the unavoidable consequence to be derived from these incredibly precise balances and calculations:

It is hard to resist the impression that the present structure of the universe, apparently so sensitive to minor alterations in the numbers, has been rather carefully thought out… The seemingly miraculous concurrence of numerical values that nature has assigned to her fundamental constants must remain the most compelling evidence for an element of cosmic design.(9)

In relation to the same fact, an American professor of Astronomy, George Greenstein, writes in his book The Symbiotic Universe:

As we survey all the evidence, the thought insistently arises that some supernatural agency – or, rather Agency – must be involved.(10)

THE CREATION OF MATTER

The atom, the building-block of matter, came into being after the Big Bang. These atoms then came together to make up the universe with its stars, earth and sun. Afterwards, the same atoms established life on the earth. Everything you see around you: your body, the chair you sit on, the book you hold in your hand, the sky seen through the window, the soil, the concrete, the fruits, the plants, all living things and everything that you can imagine have come to life with the gathering of atoms.

What then is the atom, the building block of everything, made of and what kind of a structure does it have?

When we examine the structure of atoms, we see that all of them have an outstanding design and order. Every atom has a nucleus in which there are certain numbers of protons and neutrons. In addition to these, there are electrons which move around the nucleus in a constant orbit with a speed of 1,000 kms per second.(11) Electrons and protons of an atom are equal in number, because positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons always balance each other. If one of these numbers were different, there would be no atom, since its electromagnetic balance would be disturbed. An atom’s nucleus, the protons and the neutrons in it, and the electrons around it are always in motion. These revolve both around themselves and each other unerringly at certain speeds. Those speeds are always proportionate to each other and provide the subsistence of the atom. No disorder, disparity, or change ever occurs.

It is very remarkable that such highly ordered and determined entities could come into being after a great explosion that took place in non-being. If the Big Bang were an uncontrolled, coincidental explosion, then it ought to have been followed by random events and everything that formed subsequently ought to have been dispersed in a great chaos.

In fact, a flawless order has prevailed at every point since the beginning of existence. For example, although atoms are formed at different places and times, they are so organized that they seem as though they were produced from a single factory with an awareness of each kind. First, electrons find themselves a nucleus and start to turn around it. Later, atoms come together to form matter and all these bring about meaningful, purposeful and reasonable objects. Ambiguous, useless, abnormal and purposeless things never occur. Everything from the smallest unit to the biggest component is organized and has manifold purposes.

All of this is solid evidence of the existence of the Creator, Who is exalted in power, and indicate the fact that everything comes into existence however He wants and whenever He wills. In the Qur’an, Allah refers to His creation thus:

He it is Who has created the heavens and the earth with truth, and on the day He says: Be, it is. His word is the truth. (Surat al-An’am, 73)

AFTER THE BIG BANG

As Roger Penrose, a physicist who has done extensive research on the origin of the universe, has stated the fact that the universe rests where it is not by mere coincidence shows that it definitely has a purpose. For some people, ‘the universe is just there’ and it just goes on being there. We just happened to find ourselves right in the middle of this whole thing. This viewpoint would probably not help us in understanding the universe. According to Penrose’s view, there are many deep affairs going on within the universe whose existence we cannot today perceive.(12)

The ideas of Roger Penrose are indeed good food for thought. As these words imply, many people wrongly entertain thoughts that the universe with all its perfect harmony exists for nothing and that they live in this universe again for idle play.

However, it can by no means be considered as ordinary that a quite perfect and wondrous order came about after the Big Bang, which is considered by the scientific community to be the means of the formation of the universe.

The order in the structure of the atom rules the whole universe. With the atom and its particles moving in a certain order, the mountains are not scattered, lands do not break apart, the sky is not split asunder and, in short, matter is held together and is constant.

Briefly, when we examine the glorious system in the universe, we see that the existence of the universe and its workings rest on extremely delicate balances and an order too complex to be explained away by coincidental causes. As is evident, it is by no means possible for this delicate balance and order to have been formed on its own and by coincidence after a great explosion. The formation of such an order following an explosion such as the Big Bang could only have been possible as a result of a supernatural creation.

This matchless plan and order in the universe certainly proves the existence of a Creator with infinite knowledge, might and wisdom, Who has created matter from nothing and Who controls and manages it incessantly. This Creator is Allah, the Lord of the heavens, the earth and all that is in between.

All these facts also show us how the claims of the materialist philosophy, which is simply a 19th century dogma, are invalidated by 20th century science.

By exposing the great plan, design and order prevalent in the universe, modern science has proved the existence of a Creator Who has created and rules all beings: that is, Allah.

Holding sway over a great number of people for centuries and having even disguised itself with the mask of ‘science’, materialism, by deeming everything to consist of nothing but matter, has made a great mistake and denied the existence of Allah, Who created and ordered matter from nothing. One day, materialism will be remembered in history as a primitive and superstitious belief opposing both reason and science.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. George Politzer, Principes Fondamentaux de Philosophie, Editions Sociales, Paris, 1954, p. 84

2. Recounted in Jaki, S. (1980) Cosmos and Creator Regnery Gateway, Chicago

3. Stephen Hawking, Evreni Kucaklayan Karinca, Alkim Kitapcilik ve Yayincilik, 1993, p. 62-63

4. Henry Margenau and Roy Abraham Varghese, eds., Cosmos, Bios, Theos, La Salle, IL: Open Court Publishing, 1992, p. 241

5. Hugh Ross, Ph.D., The Creator and the Cosmos, Navpress, 1995, p. 76

6. W.R. Bird, The Origin of Species Revisited, Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1991; originally published by Philosophical Library in 1987, p. 462

7. W.R. Bird, The Origin of Species Revisited, Nashville: Thomas Nelson, 1991; originally published by Philosophical Library in 1987, pp. 405-406

8. Stephen W. Hawking, A Brief History of Time, Bantam Books, April, 1988, p. 121

9. Paul Davies, God and the New Physics, New York: Simon & Schuster, 1983, p. 189

10. Hugh Ross, The Fingerprint of God, 2nd. Ed., Orange, CA: Promise Publishing Co., 1991, pp. 114-115

11. A Dorling Kindersley Book – The Science, published in the United States by Dorling Kindersley Inc., p. 24

12. Stephen Hawking, Evreni Kucaklayan Karinca, Alkim Kitapcilik ve Yayincilik, 1993, p. 143

Under the pen name of Harun Yahya, Adnan Oktar has written some 250 works. His books contain a total of 46,000 pages and 31,500 illustrations. Of these books, 7,000 pages and 6,000 illustrations deal with the collapse of the Theory of Evolution. You can read, free of charge, all the books Adnan Oktar has written under the pen name Harun Yahya on these websites www.harunyahya.com

About the Author

ABOUT THE AUTHOR, HARUN YAHYA
Born in Ankara in 1956, Adnan Oktar writes his books under the pen name of Harun Yahya. Ever since his university years, he has dedicated his life to telling of the existence and oneness of Almighty Allah, and to disseminating the moral values of the Qur'an. He has never wavered in the face of difficulties and despite oppression, still continues this intellectual struggle today exhibiting great patience and determination. For mor information pls visit: http://www.harunyahya.com/theauthor.php

What should i buy please help urgent!?

My amazing gadget 3
My amazing gadget 2

I have
8 PS3 80GB AND THE WHITE ONE IS 40GB
Moped Red
3 XBOX 360
1 XBOX ELITE 360
12 MOBILE PHONES
2 PROJECTOR WITH BUILT IN SOUND AND HDMI
2 IMAC G5 ONE 17INCH AND ONE 20INCH
5 VIDEO CAMERA
4 PHOTO CAMERA
Nintendo wii
Nintendo ds
Wii fit
3 PsP AND NEW SLIM VERSION ONE
8 SAT NAV

PROFESSIONAL TELESCOPE COST £1,400
18 LAPTOPS
6 PC COMPUTER
70INCH TV
50INCH PLASMA TV
3 OTHER TV
PETROL RACING CAR
BATTERY RACING CAR ABOUT 4
DJ EQUIPMENT
9 MP3 PLAYERS
IPOD 4GB
IPHONE
IPOD TOUCH
IPOD NANO NEW VERSION
MACBOOK AIR
VIDEO EYEWEAR 12INCH
6 REMOTE CONTROL PLANES
8 REMOTE CONTROL HELICOPTERS
3 DVD PLAYER PORTABLE
2 BLU RAY DVD PLAYERS
3 PS3 AND THE SLIM ONE
XBOX CONSOLE
3 LASER PEN AND LASER TOURCH
Motorbike
Cricket tv game
Guiter heros
2 tablet pc

AND LOADS MORE CAN'T BE BOTHER TO WRITE THEM
what else should i buy,i planning on a new tv or speakers.

Are you materialistic by any chance?

pen telescope

Focus Meade Etx

 

What am I doing wrong with my telescope?

I got a Meade ETX-60 refracting telescope for Christmas. The scope included 9, 12, and 25 mm lenses. Should I be able to see Saturn clearly with this scope? If so, what am I doing wrong? No matter which lens I use, when I get it focused in, it seems like I am looking at the same little pin point of light that I could see with my naked eye.

The ETX-60 has only a 60mm aperture and a focal length of 350mm.
A 25mm eyepiece gives 350/25 = 14x
A 12.5mm eyepiece gives 350/12.5 = 28x
A 9mm eyepiece gives 350/9 = 39x
To see Saturn as a decent disk you need around 60x at the moment. The rings will be almost impossible with your low powers on a 60mm telescope of average quality because they are almost edge on.
If you have good eyes and good optics you can tell Saturn isn't a star with 10x50 binos. With 20x50 when the rings are wide you can see them quite well. Not at the moment, because they are almost edge on.
Here is what Saturn looks like through bigger telescopes. The bottom one is 400x on a 75mm aperture telescope. See how dark it is? A 60mm collects a lot less light than a 75mm.
No chance of using powers high enough to see Saturn as a big disc
http://www.rocketroberts.com/astro/scopeview.htm . . . .
The ETX-60 is good for star clusters and general looking around to admire the view and for low to medium power views of the Moon, and of course it's quite good for wildlife where high powers are much less useful. Around 60x is the maximum you can use for terrestrial viewing and for low angle sky views...near the horizon....because of the thicker air and turbulence. At high elevations the air is much better to see through.
39x for a terrestrial scope is just nice for your higher power and the 28x is quite comfortable to use. Not too powerful to follow things when they run or fly and bright enough to use in poor weather.
That's the score for the ETX-60....it's not for planets or faint nebulae.
Here is a real user's guide...not the Meade one.
http://novac.com/resources/reviews/etx60.php . . . . . .
You can use a 2x or 3x Barlow lens to increase the power but doubling the power makes the image 4x darker and tripling it makes it 9x darker.
It goes by the inverse square law. Twice the diameter of disc is four times the area that the same amount of light (collected by the 6omm objective) is spread over.
Three times the diameter is nine times the area.
With only 60mm aperture a Barlow lens is not a good way to go except for very bright objects like the Moon.
At 120x on a 60mm you'll have such a dark image of Saturn you'll be struggling to see anything.

Focus Meade Etx